Since God desires to be in close relationship with his people, he graciously reveals to the Israelites how they should worship him. In the last half of Lev 22, he communicates some basic principles involving voluntary offerings. These offerings are to be costly to the one bringing them, and so the animal being offered is to be of highest quality---"without blemish."
There are slightly lower standards for a freewill offering (v 23), perhaps because such an offering might involve less planning than the other types. The offerer may be deciding spontaneously, on the spur of the moment, to bring this particular offering, and verse 23 makes room for that kind of spontaneous impulse to thank God.
In the stipulation that these animals be "without blemish," Christians see a representation of the fact that Jesus "through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God" (Heb 9:14). Peter echoes this idea, affirming that we are ransomed "with the precious blood of Christ, like that of a lamb without blemish or spot" (1 Peter 1:19).
Another passage that reflects on acceptable sacrifices is Psalm 51, David's psalm of repentance after his great sins recorded in 2 Sam 11. In that case, David needed to repent, and his relationship with God needed to be repaired, before he could offer an acceptable sacrifice (vv 16-19). Kyle Kettering gave a sermon on Psalm 51 at Church of the Messiah on March 12, 2022.
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